Different types of Hematological ailments

Hemoglobinopathies

It specifically studies genetic ailments and abnormal hemoglobin structure. These anomalies result in varying degrees of anemia and complications across multiple organs. For instance, this may cause Genetic clotting disorders. Such ailments can lead to severe disorders in the blood structure and cause hemophilia and Von Willebrand disease. It generally originates from insufficient clotting factors in the blood. Similarly, there are many other nonmalignant conditions like anemia that may arise from dietary and lifestyle choices.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

It is a hematological ailment that results in the concentration of blood platelets. This condition leads to bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, and internal bleeding. This disease is caused by the clotting of platelets. Studies reflect that this disease is not genetically inherited, however, the cause of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura remains unknown. In most cases, it emerges in children following a viral infection like chickenpox. On the other hand, Malignant blood disorders include leukemia, lymphomas, and myelomas. All these affect individuals of all ages. Various factors, including genetics, lifestyle, and environment, can contribute to malignant hematological disorders.

Polycythemia Vera

It is a form of leukemia that is classified as a myeloproliferative neoplasm. It is characterized by excessive red blood cell production in the bone marrow. It results in thicker blood consistency and an elevated risk of clots that may ultimately lead to heart attacks. Myelofibrosis is another type of myeloproliferative leukemia that is an overproduction of stem cells in the blood. This can also cause scar tissue formation in the bone marrow and disrupt blood formation in the body.

Malignant lymphomas

Malignant lymphoma is a Hematological disorder that impacts the lymphatic system. This leads to various health-related issues that give rise to abnormal lymphocytes. Myelodysplastic syndromes denote a collection of cancers in the blood stem cells. This condition arises when the bone marrow fails to mature and generate various mature blood cells. This leads to conditions like refractory anemia and refractory cytopenia. In severe cases, lymphomas can also cause chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and other cancers due to the scarcity of red and white blood cells in the bloodstream.

Multiple Myeloma

It is a type of cancer resulting in an excess of plasma cells in the blood. This overpopulation of plasma cells results in a deficiency of red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. All these deficiencies are threatening to the human body because the deficiency of white blood cells and platelets often results into anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. Multiple myeloma can also affect the osteoblasts and osteoclasts that are responsible for maintaining bone health. Hence the disruption of its functioning often leads to bone degeneration and fractures. Read More...